Feb 12, 2014 this lecture builds on prior lectures to describe diffraction gratings and associated devices. Nov 30, 2010 nptel provides courseware in the form of video lectures and web courses. Basics of xray diffraction introduction to powderpolycrystalline diffraction about 95% of all solid materials can be described as crystalline. Video lectures are not available for sessions 10, 21 and 24. Lee explains the mathematical description of the diffraction pattern of the wave traveling through a wide slit.
The pyspec project is a set of data analysis routines written in python for analysis of xray diffraction data produced by the spec xray diffraction and data acquisition. We explore the nature of light, beginning with whether it is a particle or a wave. Note that this is opposite to the case of the double slit, because now we have to include the phase of all the rays. When youre done with the video, answer a related question. Effect of lattice vibrations, absorption, and instrument resolution 4. The xray diffraction pattern of a pure substance is. Diffraction, the spreading of waves around obstacles. His collaborators walter friedrich and paul knipping took the picture on the bottom left in 1912. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. A small visualization program for simple to very complex diffraction patterns.
And there is a technique known as xray diffraction. White radiation is reflected from, or transmitted through, a fixed crystal. Ocw scholar courses are designed for independent learners who. At times diffraction of sunlight in clouds produces a multitude of colors. Lewin is wellknown at mit and beyond for his dynamic and engaging lecture style. Intensity in interference and diffraction pdf download. The lasers ability to produce a narrow beam of coherent monochromatic radiation in the visible light range makes. Wall street business magnate stephen chu, winner of the strathmores whos who registry honoring the most successful business tycoons in the world, says the demolisher betting system lived up exactly to its billing.
Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. When xrays interact with a crystalline substance phase, one gets a diffraction pattern. Intensity in interference and diffraction pdf download book. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Xray diffraction and crystal structurexray diffraction. Proper is a library of routines for the propagation of wavefronts through an optical system using fourierbased methods. Video lecture on huygens principle, interferometers, and fresnel diffraction. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Schematic of electron diffraction experiment performed in lecture in the spirit of observing and characterizing the behavior of elementary particles without prejudice, we performed an experiment in lecture on electrons where we observed their trajectories in vacuum after being sent through a series of. Xradiation composed of xrays is a form of electromagnetic radiation.
Professor mcbride introduces the theory behind light diffraction by charged particles and its application to the study of the electron distribution in molecules by x. This lecture gives experimental demonstration and theoretical explanation of the phenomenon of interference and diffraction of light. Note that xray diffraction was carried out using cu k radiation. By assuming elastic scattering, find the magnitude of the wave vectors of the incident and reflected xray beams. Electron dynamics by inelastic xray scattering oxford series on synchrotron radiation read. It is currently available for idl interactive data language, matlab and python 2. Introduction to solid state chemistry is a freshman firstyear class on the principles of chemistry, with an emphasis on solidstate materials, and their application to engineering systems. Most of these courses consists 40 videos and 1 hour duration each. Download scientific diagram the video lecture on xray diffraction in the middle available from the webbased open course repository of the massachusetts.
But for now lets simply say that we have a diffraction which we know occurs only by. Xray diffraction and crystal structure xrd xray diffraction xrd is one of the most important nondestructive tools to analyse all kinds of matter ranging from fluids, to powders and crystals. Diffraction is a manifestation of the wave nature of light clearest explanation of diffraction is using viewing wave propagation according to huygens principle. Diffraction and interference is a useful, application designed to display single and double slits that show diffraction and interference patterns from a single slit, double sources and double slits. Ppt reflection, refraction and diffraction powerpoint. This book is a very concise presentation of the theory of scattering and diffraction. One of the effects of diffraction is the production of interference or fringe patterns. Photographs of transition for square aperture are shown and discussed. Video lecture on fraunhofer diffraction and fourier transforms and theorems.
It shows how a beam of xrays is scattered into a characteristic pattern by a crystal. The crystal was mounted in the centre of the camera, the x. Waves and photons, the physics of waves,the huygensfresnel principle, diffraction, maxwells equations, polarisation, fermats principle, spherical lenses and mirrors, crystal symmetry and optical instruments. For this reason, what we learn in xray diffraction can be applied in a similar manner to other cases.
Diffraction is a spreading of light around the edges of obstacles. Calculate the lattice constant, of the chromium bcc unit cell. It was developed at the jet propulsion laboratory for modeling stellar coronagraphs, but it can be applied to other optical systems were diffraction propagation is of concern. Chem 125a lecture 5 xray diffraction open yale courses. Read diffraction effects in semiclassical scattering. Basic definitions lecture calculation of material density selfprep. Dynamic transition between fresnel and fraunhofer diffraction. And xray diffraction allows us to characterize solid matter. The authors have developed their course lecture notes into a useful book that is suitable for graduate students of materials science and engineering who use xray diffraction techniques. Furthermore, the student took the liberty of assigning miller indices to the peaks. Space group by definition crystal is a periodic arrangement of repeating motifs e.
Bharadwaj,department of physics and meteorology, iit kharagpur. Prior to 1970 almost all single crystal diffraction studies used film. Nptel provides courseware in the form of video lectures and web courses. Diffraction, spectroscophy and photoemission professor anders nilsson, stanford synchr. If you make the diffraction gratings closer together, would a line spectrum have higher resolution. Fresnel and fraunhofer diffraction patterns and dynamic transition between them can be easily obtained on a distance of few meters, what gives an opportunity to use our setup as a lecture experiment.
Introduction to interference and diffraction in hindi. The grating equation and diffracted modes are presented. Video is embedded from external source so download is not available. From research to production and engineering, xrd is an indispensible method for. The 36 video lectures on electricity and magnetism, by professor lewin, were recorded on the mit campus during the spring of 2002. It is the bending of light around the corner of an obstacle. The laue method is mainly used to determine the orientation of large single crystals. Hull gave a paper titled, a new method of chemical analysis.
Interference of light part2 video lecture engineering. Consider the two closely spaced spectral yellow lines of sodium na. Interference between light waves coming from different slits will produce interference patterns imposed on the single slit diffraction pattern. Report a problem or upload files if you have found a problem with this lecture or would like to send us extra material, articles, exercises, etc. Consider an xray diffraction experiment performed on this crystal using monochromatic xrays with wavelength nm. Interference of two one dimensional electromagnetic waves 3. Introduction to diffraction i the phenomenon of diffraction. The use of lasers has only become common in the last few decades. Diffraction of waves in everyday life and applications 2. For accessing 7activestudio videos on mobile download sciencetuts.
Session 24 was student project presentations, videos of which can be found on the projects page. The diffraction of water waves at a hole in a barrier was shown in the video lecture on interference l4 and it is sketched in figure 4. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Highvoltage breakdown topics discussed in this lecture include. Read diffraction effects in semiclassical scattering montroll memorial lecture series in mathematical. The video lecture on xray diffraction in the middle available from. Pdf download diffraction effects in semiclassical scattering montroll memorial lecture series. This lecture gives experimental demonstration and theoretical explanation of the phenomenon of interference. Reflection and refraction diffraction interference slit diffraction polarization and malus law standing waves you are watching the lectures. Locating the minima let us now examine the diffraction pattern of plane waves of light of wavelength l that are diffracted by a single long, narrow slit of width a in an otherwise opaque screen b, as shown in. Lecture 4, p 22 diffraction grating example angular splitting of the sodium doublet. You can also get course completion certification for some of the courses. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from.
This is just like the double slit case, except the distance between the slits is w2, and this is the case for minimum w2 sinq l2. The phenomena related to diffraction are the focus of the lecture. According to the superposition principle, the net displacement is simply given by the. Download elastic and inelastic scattering in electron. Reflected light produces fridges of light, dark or colored bands.
Free video lectures, free online courses, video tutorials, university courses, youtube, lecture notes, school video training, assignments, classes, iit, mit, stanford. Call 8527521718 to join neetprep video course and crack neet download neetprep app from the link. Diffraction by a lattice in the kinematic approximation 2. The symmetry of a periodic pattern of repeated motifs is the total set of symmetry operations allowed by that pattern let us apply a rotation of 90 degrees about the center point of the pattern which is thought to be indefinitely. Diffraction software free download diffraction page 2.
Lee explains the mathematical description of the diffraction pattern of. Example of diffraction in nature is diamond rays in the solar eclipse. In this physics video lecture in hindi for class 12 we explained diffraction of light due to a single slit. If light from a sodium lamp fully illuminates a diffraction grating with 4000 slitscm, what is the angular. The website features lecture notes, problem sets with solutions, exams with solutions, links to related resources, and a complete set of videotaped lectures. Electron diffraction experiment cornell university. Singleslit diffraction, angular resolution, human eye, telescopes. The path difference between the top half and the bottom half must be l2 to get a minimum. Professor mcbride introduces the theory behind light diffraction by charged particles and its application to the study of the electron distribution in molecules by xray diffraction. In this diffraction pattern, for small angles, the positions of the minima occur at. Alternatively, the crystal can be rotated diffracting the.
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